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NR 507 Midterm Exam Week 4 – Question and Answers

1. The coronary ostia are located in the:
2. Where in the respiratory tract do the majority of foreign objects aspirated by children finally lodge?
3. Which type of antibody is involved in type I hypersensitivity reaction?
4. Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an):
5. What is the final stage of the infectious process?
6. The function of the foramen ovale in a fetus allows what to occur?
7. What physical sign is the result of turbulent blood flow through a vessel?
8. Which statement concerning benign tumors is true?
9. It has been determined that a tumor is in stage 2. What is the meaning of this finding?
10. What is the primary problem resulting from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn?
11. Which statement is true concerning the IgM?
12. Apoptosis is a(an):
13. Which complex (wave) represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations?
14. What is the role of caretaker genes?
15. Where are antibodies produced?
16. The lung is innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system via which nerve?
17. What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn?
18. What is the fundamental physiologic manifestation of anemia?
19. Which term is used to describe a muscle cell showing a reduced ability to form new muscle while appearing highly disorganized?
20. Which of the following is classified as a megaloblastic anemia?
21. How is most carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood transported?
22. Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma?
23. An individual is more susceptible to infections of mucous membranes when he or she has a seriously low level of which immunoglobulin antibody?
24. Which organism is a common sexually transmit bacterial infection?
25. Which organ is stimulated during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)?
26. Examination of the throat in a child demonstrating signs and symptoms of acute epiglottitis may contribute to which life-threatening complication? 
27. Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and reliable diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?
28. Which primary characteristic is unique for the immune response?
29. When an individual aspirates food particles, where would the nurse expect to hear decrease or absent breath sounds?
30. What is the primary site for uncomplicate local gonococci infections in men?
31. Deficiencies in which element can produce depression of both B- and T-cell function?
32. An infant has a loud, harsh, holosystolic murmur and systolic thrill that can be detected at the left lower sternal border that radiates to the neck. These clinical findings are consistent with which congenital heart defect?
33. Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously …by children diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to relieve hypoxic spells?
34. In a normal, nonmutant state, an oncogene is referred to as a
35. Infants are most susceptible to significant losses in total body water because of an infant’s:
36. A person with type O blood is consider to be the universal blood donor because type O blood contains which of the following?
37. Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or after immunization against the antigen?
38. Erythrocyte life span of less than 120 days, ineffective bone marrow response to erythropoietin, and altered iron metabolism describe the pathophysiologic characteristics of which type of anemia?
39. What is the most common cause of insufficient erythropoiesis in children?
40. What are the abnormalities in cytokines found in children with cystic fibrosis (CF)?
41. How is most of the oxygen in the blood transported?
42. What is the action of urodilatin? 
43. What is the chief predisposing factor for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn?
44. Which manifestations of vasoocclusive crisis are associate with sickle cell disease (SCD) in infants?
45. What process allows the kidney to respond to an increase in workload?
46. What is the direct action of atrial natriuretic hormone?
47. Which cells have phagocytic properties similar to monocytes and contract like smooth muscles cells, thereby influencing the glomerular filtration rate?
48. Research supports the premise that exercise has a probable impact on reducing the risk of which cancer?
49. What effect do natriuretic peptides have during heart failure when the heart dilates?
50. Which T-lymphocyte phenotype is the key determinant of childhood asthma?
51. In which primary immune deficiency is there a partial-to-complete absence of T-cell immunity?
52. What is the ratio of coronary capillaries to cardiac muscle cells?
53. The most common site of metastasis for a patient diagnosed with prostate cancer is which location?
54. Which cardiac chamber has the thinnest wall and why?
55. The only surface inside the nephron where cells are covered with microvilli to increase the reabsorptive surface area is called the:
56. How high does the plasma glucose have to be before the threshold for glucose is achieved?
57. Which cytokines initiate the production of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)?
58. Which hormone is synthesize and secret by the kidneys?
59. What effects do exercise and body position have on renal blood flow?
60. The glomerular filtration rate is directly related to which factor?