Description

PSYC 2001 Week 1 Test

1. At the turn of the twentieth century, the American sociologist Fredrick Turner (1920) argued that while facing the challenges of the frontier, Americans as conquerors and builders developed both
2. A(n) is a strategy for problem-solving that reduces complex information and time-consuming tasks to more simple, rapid, and efficient judgmental operations, particularly in reaching decisions under conditions of uncertainty.
3. Cultures based largely on modern beliefs, rules, symbols, and principles; relatively open to other cultures; absorbing and dynamic; science based, technology driven, and relatively tolerant to social innovations are referred to as .
4. While traveling in a foreign country, you are approached by a group of strangers and have to quickly surmise their intentions. You will likely use a set of simple mental shortcuts to accomplish this task. These shortcuts are called .
5. Any systematic error in attribution that derives from people’s efforts to satisfy their own personal needs, such as the desire for approval by others, high self-esteem, power, or prestige, is called .
6. The term for when we make systematic errors in thinking or information processing, typically due to highly vivid but rare events:
7. De-Barnumize the following statement: “Canadians are sensitive to criticism.”
8. The view that supports judgment about other ethnic, national, or cultural groups and events from the observer’s own ethnic, national, or cultural group’s outlook is called
9. The term is used to describe cultures based largely on beliefs, rules, symbols, and principles established predominantly in the past; confined in local or regional boundaries; and restricting and mostly intolerant to social innovations.
10. The propensity to resolve discrepancies between pre-existing schemas and new information in the direction of assimilation rather than accommodation (even when the information is distorted) is called .