Description

APEA Exam CARDIAC

1. A heart rate of 100 – 180 beats per minute in an adult is considered:
2. The external iliac lymph nodes drain lymphatic fluid from the following areas except the:
3. To assess aortic pulsations in patients with carotid obstruction, assess the pulse using the:
4. The sacral lymph nodes receive lymphatic fluid from all the following except the:
5. The patient has had an internal pacemaker in place for five years. Pacemaker failure is being considered because over the past few days, the patient has been experiencing episodes of:
6. In older adults, the presence of heart sounds S3 suggests:
7. A patient described chest pain as persistent, sharp, and knife-like. These symptoms are more characteristic of:
8. In older adults, the presence of heart sound S4 suggests:
9. A disparity between the brachial and femoral pulses in a 4-month-old could indicate:
10. The axillary lymph nodes drain lymphatic fluid from all of the following areas except the:
11. Tissue ischemia is usually observed when assessing a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD). What other symptom could be assessed?
12. Causes of orthostatic hypotension in older adults may include all of the following except:
13. A finding suggestive of an inflamed lymph node would be one that is:
14. On assessment, which one of the following symptoms would be noted as a compensatory response to chronic hypoxia?
15. The great saphenous vein enters the deep venous system by way of the:
16. A pediatric patient presents with erythema marginatum, chorea, and a heart murmur. These symptoms are consistent with:
17. Enlargement of which lymph nodes would be suggestive of metastasis from a thoracic or abdominal malignancy?
18. Presence of a heart murmur in a child would be considered organic if the child:
19. Heart sounds produced by a turbulence due to a temporary increase in blood flow in predisposing conditions, such as hyperthyroidism, is considered:
20. A patient complains of increased pain in the calf muscle and buttocks especially after walking or riding his bicycle. He states that the pain stops after he sits still for about 2-3 minutes. This condition may be associated with:
21. Widened pulse pressure (PP) is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP):
22. When auscultating the apex of the heart in an 8-year-old, the bell of the stethoscope should be place at the:
23. The posterior auricular lymph node is located:
24. While auscultating the patient’s heart, a medium, soft murmur is audible. It is pansystolic and heard loudest at the apex with radiation to the left axilla. These findings are consistent with:
25. Characteristic symptoms of chronic arterial insufficiency may include which of the following?
26. Warning signs of peripheral artery disease may include all of the following except:
27. Pain or cramping of the legs that occurs during exertion and is relieved by rest is termed:
28. The internal iliac lymph nodes drain lymphatic fluid from the:
29. The infraorbital or maxillary, buccinator, and supramandibular lymph nodes drain lymphatic fluid from the:
30. In order to assess for varicosities in the lower extremities, position the patient:
31. A child presents with fever of 102.5F for the past five days. Kawasaki disease is suspected if which of the groups of symptoms is present?
32. A patient complains of some pain in the distal portions of her fingers on both hands. She states that it tends to occur more frequently with exposure to cold. These symptoms may be consistent with:
33. The horizontal superficial inguinal lymph nodes are located in the anterior thigh below the inguinal ligament and drain lymphatic fluid from all of these areas except:
34. Right atrial pressure can be determined by:
35. A patient states that the only way he can sleep at night is to use several pillows or to sleep upright in a recliner. This sleep pattern is most consistent with:
36. While examining the heart, a pansystolic, blowing murmur is audible over the left sternal border with radiation to the right of the sternum. The intensity increased with inspiration. This finding is characteristic of:
37. Absent or diminished pulses in the wrist could be indicative of:
38. Which lymph nodes receive lymphatic fluid from the stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder and pancreas?
39. The preauricular nodes drain lymphatic fluid from the:
40. In order to bring the ventricular apex closer to the chest wall when assessing the point of maximal impulse (PMI), ask the patient to:
41. The anterior cervical lymph node chain is located anterior and:
42. An otherwise healthy two-year-old presents with a heart rate that varies with inspiration and expiration. Which statement is true?
43. The ankle-brachial index is a screening test used to assess a person’s risk for:
44. A patient complaints of a sharp, knifelike pain that begins in the chest and radiates to the tip of the shoulder and to the neck. This type of chest pain is suggestive of:
45. The four classic structural defects of Tetralogy of Fallot include:
46. A condition that usually presents with numbness or tingling in the distal portions of one or more fingers aggravated by cold or emotional stress may be associated with:
47. A sudden, tearing, sharp pain that begins in the chest and radiates to the back or into the neck is usually associated with:
48. A patient complains of pain in the arch of the foot sometimes relieved by rest. Occasionally, he experiences intermittent pain in the toes, especially at rest. Exercise aggravates the pain in the arch. History reveals he smokes approximately a half pack of cigarettes per day. These symptoms may be consistent with:
49. When auscultating the heart for aortic insufficiency, ask the patient to:
50. Symptoms of orthostatic hypotension include all of the following except:
51. A patient with cirrhosis develops portal hypertension as indicated by the presence of:
52. Why would a newborn with patent ductus arteriosus receive a prostaglandin inhibitor (indomethacin)?
53. When auscultating the heart of a 50-year-old patient, a soft murmur is audible in the left second and third intercostal spaces and radiates to the left shoulder and neck. Also noted is a crescendo-decrescendo pitch to the murmur. This finding could be consistent with:
54. A condition that presents with symptomatic limb ischemia upon exertion is termed:
55. When auscultating the heart, a scratchy, continuous murmur is audible during atrial systole and ventricular systole and diastole. This finding may be indicative of a:
56. A twelve-month-old has a history of heart failure related to his congenital heart defect. He is receiving Aldactone (spironolactone), enalapril (Vasotec), furosemide (Lasix), and acetaminophen (Tylenol). The infant’s potassium level is 3.1 meq/l. which medication is most likely decreasing his potassium level?
57. The preauricular lymph node is located:
58. To auscultate the heart sounds arising from the pulmonic valve in an adult patient, place the stethoscope:
59. The right lymph duct drains lymphatic fluid from all the following areas except the:
60. When assessing the heart rate of a healthy 13-month-old, which one of the following sites is most appropriate for this child?
61. When auscultating heart sounds arising from the aortic valve in an adult patient, place the stethoscope:
62. A third heart sound (S3) is audible in a forty-five-year old. This S3 sound may be:
63. A disease that may present as indigestion, but is precipitated by exertion and relieved by rest is most likely:
64. Characteristic symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency may include which one of the following?
65. The occipital lymph node is located:
66. In an adult patient, auscultate the sounds arising from the mitral valve by placing the stethoscope:
67. The posterior chest wall and portions of the arms are drained by which group of lymph nodes?
68. A 5-year-old child presents with complaints of fever and headache. Examination revels a heart rate of 157 beats/minute, respiratory rate of 40 breaths/minute, B/P 108/54, and a temperature of 102.6F. the increased heart rate is most likely related to:
69. When performing a cardiovascular assessment on a healthy 2-year-old child: auscultate the heart sounds in all four cardiac areas
70. Pain with walking or prolonged standing, radiating from the spinal area into the buttocks, thighs, lower legs, or feet, may be seen with:
71. Widened pulse pressure greater than or equal to 60 in an older patient is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and:
72. A patient complains of tight, bursting pain in the calf that increases with walking. Elevation of the leg sometimes relieves the pain. These symptoms may be consistent with:
73. Enlarged or tender lymph nodes are most often associated with:
74. Which of the following symptoms would necessitate the need for further evaluation in the newborn?