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NUR 631 Week 1 Discussion Questions 1

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Also indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. What are the benefits and consequences of genetic testing? What is your personal stance on genetic testing? Provide two current (within the last 5 years) scientific or evidence-based resources to support your answer.
2. What are the effects of nutritional deficits on cellular functioning and tissue healing? Support your answer with current research that has been conducted within the last 3 years.
3. What is the difference between physiological and pathological atrophy? Provide at least two clinical examples for each.

Week 1 Discussion Question 2

What is the difference between epigenetics and genetics? In nurse practitioner clinical practice, how would one apply the principles of epigenetics when prescribing treatment for a patient? What is the difference between hyperplasia, dysplasia, and metaplasia in relation to epigenetic disorders?

NUR 631 Week 2 Discussion Question 1

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Also indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. Immunity is necessary to prevent infectious diseases from spreading. Differentiate between passive-acquired and active-acquired immunity.
2. Immunoglobulins are necessary to protect the human physiology from diseases and pathological disorders. Explain the role of IgA, IgG, IgE. IgD, and IgM.
3. Stress is a component that affects the normal regulations of human physiology. Neuroendocrine regulation is important in this abnormality. How does increased catecholamine and cortisol affect the immune system?

Week 2 Discussion Question 2

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Also indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. Inflammation is a process that accompanies many different autoimmune disease processes. In addition, a diet that is high in sugars and processed foods can also cause inflammation. Discuss health risk factors related to dietary habits and inflammation.
2. Explain the differences between the primary and secondary line of defense. What factors interfere with these mechanisms? How are these levels of immunity affected in a child, an elderly person, or a person with a chronic disease?
3. Ms. Smith presents to her primary care provider (PCP) for a comprehensive medical exam. titers for various childhood diseases are included in the exam because she is not able to find her immunization records. What are “titers” and what type of testing is required to establish immunity?

NUR 631 Week 3 Discussion Question 1

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Also indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. Explain how acid-base physiology leads to the regulation of fluid balance and extra cellular pH.
2. What is the equation for the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffering system? How do actions at the lungs and kidneys affect this equation and thus compensate for alterations in plasma pH levels?
3. How do changes in plasma osmolality affect the physiology of erythrocytes?

Week 3 Discussion Question 2

Answer both of the following discussion questions for your discussion response.

1. What, in your opinion, is the most dangerous electrolyte imbalance and why? Explain the pathophysiology of the imbalance.
2. Disease processes can cause an array of fluid and electrolyte imbalances. What does a nurse practitioner need to consider when treating various diseases? When a patient has hemodynamic instability associated with orthostatic hypotension, what treatment is considered to provide stability?

NUR 631 Week 4 Discussion Question 1

Answer both of the following discussion questions for your discussion response.

1. Anemia of chronic disease is a common occurrence in elderly patients. What is the pathophysiological mechanism behind this disease process?
2. Virchow’s triad refers to states that can produce hypercoagulability. What are the three categories? Give an example for each and explain the pathophysiological changes seen.

Week 4 Discussion Question 2

Answer both of the following discussion questions for your discussion response.

1. Discuss the epidemiology of thalassemia and share evidence-based practice guidelines necessary for chronic management.
2. Sickle-cell anemia has treatment parameters in the chronic state and acute exacerbation. The acute phase requires aggressive hydration and pain medication. What is the physiologic pattern for this problem?

NUR 631 Week 5 Discussion Question 1

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Also indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. As with all disorders, it is essential to determine the root cause of endocrine disorders. What are primary, secondary, and tertiary disorders? Compare the differences among primary, secondary, and tertiary forms of hyposecretion and hypersecretion.
2. The hypothalamic-pituitary system is the main controlling factor for normal endocrine function. What are some of the common ways for this finely balanced system to become unstable?
3. Explain how the circadian rhythm is related to cortisol secretion from the adrenal cortex. What factors cause disturbances in this system?

Week 5 Discussion Question 2

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Also indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. What are the associated complications with altered thyroid functionality?
2. Adrenal insufficiency can be induced by steroid treatment. What are associated conditions with adrenal insufficiency and how would you prevent the state of adrenal crisis?
3. The parathyroid glands serve to regulate calcium levels. How does renal insufficiency contribute to altered functionality of the parathyroid glands?

NUR 631 Week 6 Discussion Question 1

Select one of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Indicate which question you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. What are some of the key pathophysiological differences between neurogenic and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
2. Explain the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome and explain the pathophysiology behind the systems seen.
3. Diabetic neuropathies are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Explain the etiology, pathophysiology, and outcomes of one of the following: retinopathy, nephropathy, or neuropathy.
4. Explain the role of leptin in the role of obesity.

Week 6 Discussion Question 2

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. What symptoms and exam findings would prompt you to perform a pituitary workup? What laboratory and neuroimaging studies would you order and why?
2. A 24-year-old postpartum patient presents with vague symptoms of fatigue, weight fluctuation, brittle nails, and a lump in her throat. From an endocrine standpoint, what are your potential diagnoses based on symptoms without knowing lab findings? Include the potential workup you would attempt.
3. What is the difference between diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome? How do the treatment options differ as well as have similarities? What are the associated conditions that would cause either of the conditions?

NUR 631 Week 7 Discussion Question 1

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. From a pathophysiological perspective, describe the disease mechanism of spinal trauma. Discuss complications associated with spinal trauma based upon time of injury.
2. What are some the recent discoveries surrounding the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease, and how could these discoveries lead to new treatments? Include your resources in your response.
3.  What are some of the leading theories that attempt to describe the pathophysiology underlying fibromyalgia? Which ones are best supported? Include your resources in your response.

Week 7 Discussion Question 2

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Also indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. Explain Bell’s palsy by providing treatment options and the physiologic disorder on presentation.
2. Explain the neurotransmitter dysfunction in a patient with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Include your resources in your response.
3. In pediatric patients, the initial assessment is similar with bacterial and viral meningitis. What are the different considerations in treatment and stabilization of neurologic deficits?
4. Embolic and bleed cerebrovascular accidents are managed differently based on the causative factor for the stroke. Provide a discussion of the difference in pathophysiology of the two types of strokes.
5. Detail the different types of cerebral palsies. Explain the potential origin associated with cellular malfunction and environmental influences.
6. Differentiate between Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and vascular dementia.

NUR 631 Discussion Questions 1 Week 8

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Also indicate which questions you have chosen using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. A 78-year-old female presents with fevers, altered mental status, and an elevated white blood count. She has nuchal rigidity. From what possible conditions might she be suffering? Explain your reasoning.
2. A 10-year-old boy comes to the ER severely dehydrated and listless. His mother states that he has been drinking 3 gallons of water a day along with urinating hourly and wetting the bed for the past week. What is your working diagnosis followed with treatment plans and laboratory considerations?
3. A 55-year-old male has had uncontrolled diabetes for 15 years. He is a truck driver and requires insulin. His greatest concern is his neuropathy. What is the pathophysiology associated with neuropathy and uncontrolled diabetes? What are the evidence-based practice guidelines?

NUR 631 Discussion Questions 2 Week 8

Create a list of three differential diagnoses and explain why you would include them on your list, based on the following information:

Sheila Jones, a 28-year-old female, has been diagnosed with new-onset diabetes. She is severely hyperglycemic requiring intubation and aggressive intensive care management. In conjunction with being severely hyperglycemic, she is profoundly dehydrated, hypernatremic, and tachycardic.