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NR 511 Week 8 Final Exam

1. The most cost-effective screening test for determining HIV status is which of the following?
2. Which blood test is a nonspecific method and most helpful for evaluating the severity and course of an inflammatory process?
3. Cocaine acts as a stimulant by blocking the reuptake of which neurotransmitter?
4. Mrs. Thomas was ….. The pain has increased following a day of gardening one week ago. A physical finding that differentiates the diagnosis and is most consistent with lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) is:
5. Which of the following statements concerning the musculoskeletal examination is true?
6. Which causes the greatest percentage of mammalian bites?
7. A 48-year-old woman ….. She is pale and states she can no longer exercise. Pelvic exam reveals a single, very large mass. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the clinician order first?
8. Which of the following signs or symptoms indicate an inflammatory etiology to musculoskeletal pain?
9. A diabetic patient asks the clinician why he needs to check his blood sugar at home even when he feels good. Which of the following responses would be most appropriate?
10. A 25-year-old patient presents to the clinic with fatigue, cold intolerance, weight gain, and constipation for the past 3 months. On physical examination, the clinician notices a sinus bradycardia; muscular stiffness; coarse, dry hair; and a delay in relaxation in deep tendon reflexes……?
11.  …… 2 diabetes mellitus should not be prescribed during pregnancy?
12. During a DRE on a 75-year-old man, the clinician suspects the patient has prostate cancer. What physical finding should make the clinician suspicious?
13. Eddie, age 4, presents to the ED with a live insect trapped in his ear canal causing a lot of distress. What should be your first step nr 511 week 8 final ?
14. What is the most common cause of microcytic anemia?
15. An 82-year-old man is seen ….. of differential diagnoses?
16. Early rheumatoid disease is characterized by:
17. A 70-year-old female has fallen 2 weeks ago and developed immediate pain in her left wrist. She thought she just bruised it but is worried because it has not improved. She has used Tylenol® and ice at home, and that has helped slightly. You examine her and find she has moderate swelling and ecchymosis but no overtly obvious deformity. Her ROM is uncomfortable and severely diminished due to the pain….. Her-fingers are warm; her pulse is strong; and capillary refill is less than 2 seconds. What should you do?
18. The criteria for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (text revision) state that excessive worry or apprehension must be present more days than not for at least:
19. A 60-year-old man presents with an enlarged scrotum. The clinician uses a penlight to transilluminate the scrotum. In a patient with a hydrocele, what would the clinician expect to find?
20. According to Kübler-Ross, the stages of grief occur in which order?
21. Reuben, age 24, has HIV and just had a routine viral load test done. The results show a falling viral load. What does this indicate?
22. The exanthem of Lyme disease is:
23. You have detected the presence of crepitus on examination of a patient with a musculoskeletal complaint…… These findings suggest that the origin of the musculoskeletal complaint is:
24. What is the recommended daily calcium intake for adults over the age of 50 with low bone mass?
25. When assessing a woman for infertility, which of the following tests should be done first nr 511 week 8 final?
26. Which type of burn injury results in destruction of the epidermis with most of the dermis, yet the epidermal cells lining hair follicles and sweat glands remain intact?
27. A 23-year-old sexually active woman presents for her first Pap smear. Her history includes nulligravida, age at first intercourse 14, and more than 10 sexual partners. Which of the following conditions should the clinician be particularly alert for during her examination?
28. As a rule of thumb, the estimated level of hematocrit is how many times the value of the hemoglobin?
29. Sam is a 25-year-old ….. As the clinician, you explain to Sam that low back pain is a diagnosis of exclusion. Which of the following symptoms would alert the clinician to the more serious finding of a herniated nucleus pulposus or ruptured disc?
30. A 30-year-old man is seen with a chief complaint of loss of libido. Which of the following laboratory tests would help establish a diagnosis nr 511 week 8 final ?
31. The clinician prescribes glipizide (Glucotrol) for a diabetic patient. Which statement made by the patient would indicate that your teaching has been effective?
32. In the United States, what is the second most common connective tissue disease and the most destructive to the joints?
33. The effectiveness of benzodiazepines in treating anxiety disorders suggests that which of the following neurotransmitters plays a role in anxiety?
34. A 14-year-old male is seen with complaints of severe testicular pain. The clinician suspects testicular torsion. Which of the following is the appropriate action?
35. Which of the following medications can cause hyperglycemia?
36. During treatment for anaphylaxis, what site is used for the initial injection of epinephrine nr 511 week 8 final ?
37. It is important to educate patients with depression and their family members about reporting signs of increasing depression and suicidal thoughts. This is especially true during which time period?
38. What is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea?
39.  ….. bulimia approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration?
40. The goals of the 15-minute hour approach include:
41. John is a 16-year-old boy who presents to the emergency room after hurting his knee in a football game. He described twisting his knee and then being unable to extend it completely. John tells the clinician that he heard a pop when the injury occurred and has been experiencing localized pain. The clinician suspects a meniscal tear. Which test would be most appropriate to assess for the presence of a meniscal tear?
42. The cardinal subjective symptom of sickle cell crisis is which of the following?
43. A 25-year-old woman is seen in the clinic complaining of painful menstruation. Which of the following pelvic pathologies is the most common cause of dysmenorrhea?
44. Which arthropod bite can contain cytotoxic and hemolytic toxins that may destroy tissue?
45. Janet is a 30-year-old …… She is currently in the emergency room with suspicion of cauda equina compression. Which of the following is a sign or symptom of cauda equina compression?
46. A 21-year-old woman is seen in the clinic requesting birth control pills. Which of the following tests is essential before prescribing any oral contraceptive?
47. A patient with type 2 diabetes comes to the clinic after reading about metformin in a magazine. Which of the following conditions that the patient also has would be a contraindication to taking metformin?
48. The clinician has chosen to prescribe an SSRI instead of a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) for a patient fitting the diagnostic criteria for depression. Which of the following is not true concerning SSRIs in comparison to tricyclic antidepressants?
49. Which type of bone marrow transplant is obtained from an identical twin?
50. Pink, cherry red tissues and skin may result from which type of poisoning?
51. Basic human needs are identified as:
52. The clinician sees a patient who is 5 feet tall and weighs 150 pounds. How would the clinician classify this patient?
53. A 22-year-old male is seen …. of differential diagnoses nr 511 week 8 final ?
54. …… of choice for a patient diagnosed with testicular cancer?
55. …… such as lead, that are ingested as poisons?
56. A 58-year-old woman presents with a breast mass. Which of the following responses by the clinician would be most appropriate?
57. A 36-year-old ….. On potassium hydroxide (KOH) wet mount of vaginal discharge, the clinician notices hyphae. Which of the following treatments would be appropriate?
58. The clinician has instructed Sam, a 25-year-old patient with low back strain, to use NSAIDs to manage his symptoms of pain and discomfort. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate when teaching Sam about the use of NSAIDs?
59. A history of overuse or …… musculoskeletal injury?
60. Which type of heat-related illness involves a core body temperature of at least 104.9°F, acute mental status changes, absent sweat, and tachypnea?
61. Which of the following may be used to evaluate a person’s suicide risk?
62. One of the initial steps in assessing patients with musculoskeletal complaints is to determine whether the complaint is articular or nonarticular in origin. Which of the following is an example of an articular structure?
63. After returning from visiting his grandchildren in England, George, age 59, complains of a flulike illness, including fever, chills, and myalgia. He reports having discovered a rash or red spot that grew in size on his right leg. What disease are you considering?
64. A patient ….. Which of the following electrocardiogram changes should the clinician expect as a manifestation of the disease?
65. Which of the following tests is essential for a 46-year-old woman who the clinician suspects is perimenopausal?
66. After 6 months of Synthroid therapy, the clinician should expect which of the following in the repeat thyroid studies?
67. A patient is 66 inches in height, weighing 200 pounds, and newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Her fasting plasma glucose level is 215 mg/dL. What is the best initial treatment?
68. ….. presenting with erectile dysfunction?
69. Anderson is a 35-year-old ….. carpal tunnel syndrome. She has two young children and asks the clinician what the chances are that they also will develop carpal tunnel syndrome.Which of the following responses would be correct regarding the risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome?
70. A 20-year-old woman …. gonorrhea. Which of the following is the treatment of choice for gonorrhea?
71. Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome? maintaining the wrist in a neutral position nr 511 week 8 final
72. S presents in the clinic with pain, tenderness, erythema, and swelling of his left great toe. The clinician suspects acute gout. Which of the following should the clinician expect in the initial test results for this patient?
73. Which of the following data is indicative of testicular torsion?
74. A patient with type 2 diabetes asks the clinician why she needs to exercise. In order to answer her, the clinician must understand that exercise has what effect on the patient with type 2 diabetes?
75. A 26-year-old woman is seen with complaints of irregular vaginal bleeding. Which of the following tests should be the first priority?
76. What is the most ….. women ages 20 to 55?
77. If the international normalized ratio (INR) result is above the therapeutic range in a patient with atrial fibrillation on warfarin, what might the clinician do?
78. A 32-year-old woman ….. In order to determine the cause of the infertility, the clinician should question her about which of these possible causes?
79. Which of the following statements concerning the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome is true nr 511 week 8 final ?
80. The clinician should prescribe an antibiotic that covers which of these organisms for a patient with acute prostatitis?
81. Which household solution …. friend who has HIV?
82. Sandra ….. She is complaining of bone and joint pain. Which type of leukemia is most likely the culprit?
83. Which of the following is identified …. severe iron deficiency nr 511 week 8 final exam?
84. The clinician suspects that a client seen in the office has hyperthyroidism. Which of the following tests should the clinician order on the initial visit?
85. The clinician has been doing diabetic teaching for a patient with type 1 diabetes. Which of the following statements by the patient would indicate that teaching has been effective?
86. Triggering factors for acute exacerbations of which of the following conditions include exposure to ultraviolet (UV)-B and UV-A rays?
87. Which of the following characteristics separates anaphylaxis from a vasovagal reaction?
88. Jackson …… The clinician has explained to Mr. Jackson that the goals for managing osteoarthritis include controlling pain, maximizing functional independence and mobility, minimizing disability, and preserving quality of life. Mr. Jackson explains to the clinician that his first choice would be to use complementary therapies to control his condition and asks what therapies are most effective in treating osteoarthritis. What would be the most appropriate response from the clinician?
89. One benefit of motivational interviewing (MI) is:
90. ……. rule of nines if both front legs are burned?
91. Women are at the highest risk for developing postpartum depression for up to how long after childbirth?
92. Which statement about HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) for health-care workers is the most accurate nr 511 week 8 final ?
93. The clinician is caring for Diane, a 22-year-old woman who presents with an injured ankle. Diane asks the clinician if she will need an x-ray…… Which of the following clues in Diane’s examination or history would alert the clinician to the need for obtaining radiographs?
94. A vegetarian patient with gout asks the clinician about food he should avoid. The clinician should advise the patient to avoid which of the following foods?
95. A patient with a basilar skull fracture may experience an impaired downward gaze or diplopia from which affected cranial nerve nr 511 week 8 final ?
96. A patient presents to the clinician after experiencing four episodes in the last month of sweating, palpitations, chest pain, nausea, and shaking. Each episode lasted about 10 minutes. The patient is now becoming very fearful of future events and has been reluctant to leave the house. The clinician suspects panic disorder but wants to rule out any possible medical causes. Which of the following medical conditions can mimic the symptoms of a panic attack?
97. Which test is used to confirm a diagnosis of epididymitis?
98. BATHEing the patient refers to nr 511 week 8 final
99. BATHEing the patient …. allows the practitioner to nr 511 week 8 final
100. A 45-year-old woman …… The clinician should consider which of the following diagnoses?